In the Supreme Court the issues that were discussed where weather or not the act of adding the words Under God into the Pledge of Allegiance where protected but the Speech and Debate Clause or not. Also weather on not the phrase goes against the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment where is says "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion,” and also Separation of Church and
State, the court looked to see whether or not the acts fall within the legitimate legislative sphere, if they did congress was protected. The question was, was the phrase “Under God” added for worthy purpose if not the act was unprotected. Last the court looked to see if Newdow had standing to challenge the Pledge of Allegiance.
"MICHAEL A. NEWDOW vs United States District Court ." UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT. June 26, 2002. 7 Mar 2009
Longley, Robert . "Brief history of the Pledge of Allegiance." About.com. 19 Mar 2009
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